Pilot Debrief

PIPER PA28 near Selma, AL — 2023-05-12

Final reportERA23LA232
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Date
2023-05-12
Location
Selma, AL, USA
Aircraft
PIPER PA28
Registration
N1347T
Category
Airplane
Highest injury
None
Fatalities
0
Phase of flight
Cruise

Probable cause

The pilot’s improper preflight inspection, during which the left wing fuel sump drain was moved to and left in the open and locked position, allowing for fuel to drain during the flight and resulting in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s failure to follow the emergency checklist by not switching fuel tanks following the loss of engine power.

Contributing factors

Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s failure to follow the emergency checklist by not switching fuel tanks following the loss of engine power.

NTSB narrative

The pilot reported that he performed a preflight inspection and observed 48 gallons of fuel in the fuel tanks before departing on the cross-country flight using fuel from the right wing fuel tank. About 30 minutes into the flight, he switched to the left wing fuel tank, and about 25 minutes later, the airplane engine lost power. He attempted to restore engine power; however, he did not move the fuel selector back to the right wing fuel tank and the engine did not regain power. The pilot attempted a forced landing to a field; however, the airplane impacted an area of pine trees before the field, resulting in substantial damage to the wings, fuselage, and empennage. Postaccident examination revealed that the fuel selector was positioned to the left tank, and the left wing fuel sump drain was in the open and locked position. The left wing fuel tank was mostly intact and void of fuel. Review of a photo of the airplane taken several minutes after the accident revealed fuel staining on the left flap aft of the fuel drain, consistent with fuel leakage during the flight. It is likely that when sampling the fuel from the left wing before the flight, the pilot inadvertently twisted the sump drain into the up and locked open position, allowing fuel to drain during the entire flight, resulting in fuel starvation. Had the pilot followed the emergency checklist procedures and switched to the right wing fuel tank he would have likely been able to restore power to the engine.

Analysis

Primary failure mode
Fuel management
First missed decision gate
Pilot did not switch fuel tanks when engine power decreased.

NTSB coding

Evidence available

  • Photos
  • 9 docket documents
View NTSB final reportView NTSB docket

Docket documents9

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