Pilot Debrief

PITTMAN EDDIE G CGS HAWK ARROW II near Monroe, VA — 2012-06-02

Final reportERA12LA380
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Date
2012-06-02
Location
Monroe, VA, USA
Aircraft
PITTMAN EDDIE G CGS HAWK ARROW II
Registration
N443EP
Category
Airplane
Highest injury
Minor
Fatalities
0
Phase of flight
Cruise

Probable cause

The pilot’s improper preflight planning and inflight fuel management, which resulted in the total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion. Contributing to the accident was the pilot’s unfamiliarity with the airplane’s systems.

NTSB narrative

The pilot, who was unfamiliar with the make and model airplane, was flying the airplane to its new owner in another state. Although the pilot said he was under no time pressure, he declined the previous owner’s offer of instruction in how to use the airplane’s onboard engine information system (EIS). (The previous owner reported that the pilot seemed to be in a hurry to depart.) If used properly, the EIS displays fuel-related information, including endurance, fuel quantity, and fuel flow rate. Had the pilot accepted the offer, he would have learned how to navigate among the EIS screens to obtain pertinent information during the accident flight. During preflight planning, the pilot used a fuel burn rate that was for cruise flight at 4,400 rpm but did not take into account increased fuel consumption during takeoff, climb, and cruise flight at higher power settings. The gross weight values provided by the builder (1,150 pounds) and the designer (990 pounds) differed; however, the pilot did not perform any preflight weight and balance calculations. Postaccident calculations indicated that the airplane was about 69 pounds over its design gross weight and 0.63 inch forward of the forward center of gravity limit when he started the engine. Thus, the pilot’s preflight planning was inadequate. The pilot departed with full fuel tanks, and during the climb to his planned cruise altitude of 9,500 feet mean sea level, the engine rpm was reportedly set at 4,600 rpm. He stated that to maintain level flight during cruise he had to use full aft elevator trim, maintain slight aft pressure on the control yoke, and use an engine power setting about 200 rpm more than the optimal endurance cruise power setting of 4,400 rpm, likely due to the high gross weight and forward center of gravity. About 2 hours 55 minutes into the flight, the engine lost total power. Unable to reach a nearby airport, the pilot performed a forced landing in a field. The airplane impacted upsloping terrain just below the crest of a hill. The pilot stated that with the flaps lowered to 30 degrees and full aft elevator trim and aft elevator input he could not bring the airplane’s nose up to more than horizontal. Postaccident testing of the elevator control cable tension revealed no discrepancies that would have precluded normal operation; therefore, the airplane’s low airspeed and forward center of gravity resulted in reduced elevator effectiveness. Postaccident examination of the airplane revealed that the fuel tanks were not compromised during the accident and that there was no usable fuel in the tanks. No discrepancy with the engine or engine systems was reported or observed. When power was subsequently applied to the airplane’s onboard EIS, it showed a fuel endurance of 0.00 hours.

Analysis

Primary failure mode
Fuel management
First missed decision gate
Pilot declined to inspect fuel tanks or accept EIS operation training before flight.

NTSB coding

Evidence available

  • Photos
  • 12 docket documents
View NTSB final reportView NTSB docket

Docket documents12

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