Pilot Debrief

Cessna 150 near Redding, CA — 2018-08-29

Final reportWPR18FA244
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Date
2018-08-29
Location
Redding, CA, USA
Airport
O85
Aircraft
Cessna 150
Registration
N7990F
Category
Airplane
Highest injury
Fatal
Fatalities
1
Phase of flight
Initial climb

Probable cause

The pilot's exceedance of the airplane's critical angle of attack during the initial climb after takeoff, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall and loss of control. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to properly configure the wing flaps for takeoff.

Contributing factors

Contributing to the accident was the pilot's failure to properly configure the wing flaps for takeoff.

NTSB narrative

The private pilot was departing on a personal flight in his single-engine airplane. Multiple witnesses described the airplane's initial climb as slow and steep, and recounted the airplane entering a left turn before descending to ground contact, consistent with an aerodynamic stall. Although several witnesses reported that the engine sound during the initial climb was abnormal, examination of the engine and airframe revealed no evidence of mechanical malfunctions or failures that would have precluded normal operation. The wing flaps were found extended to 20°; the airplane's owner's manual suggested 10° of flap extension for takeoffs from soft or rough runways; however, the manual also indicates that flaps can reduce the climb to 50 ft. Federal Aviation Administration guidance states that flap deflection of up to 15° primarily produces lift with minimal drag, while flap extension greater than 15° produces a large increase in drag and a significant nose-up pitching moment in high-wing equipped airplanes. It is likely that, during the takeoff with 20° of flaps extended, the airplane became airborne at a lower than normal airspeed and entered a climb at a higher than normal nose-up pitch attitude, placing the airplane very close to its critical angle of attack. During the climb, the pilot exceeded the critical angle of attack, likely by allowing the airspeed to decay due to the airplane's nose-up pitch attitude, and the airplane entered an aerodynamic stall at an altitude too low for recovery. Toxicology testing of the pilot indicated the presence of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the active compound in marijuana. There is no known relationship between tissue levels and impairment; therefore, whether the pilot's use of a potentially impairing substance contributed to the accident could not be determined.

Analysis

Primary failure mode
Engine power loss
First missed decision gate
Pilot could have aborted takeoff upon noticing abnormal engine sound.

NTSB coding

Evidence available

  • Photos
  • 7 docket documents
View NTSB final reportView NTSB docket

Docket documents7

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